Relationship Between Cancer And Alzheimer s Disease

Results from the Framingham Heart Study published by Driver et al, 2012(27) discussed the relationship between cancer and Alzheimer’s disease, using hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. From this, it was concluded that â€Å"cancer vulnerability may protect against Alzheimer’s, and vice versa.† It was suggested that this may be due to both diseases sharing similar genes and proteins, providing even more reason to research further into proteins such as the immunophilins, which have a role in both diseases. Analysis of genes from large databases would further improve knowledge on the immunophilins. 4.Is there a Role for Targeting Immunophilins in Neurodegeneration? 4.1 Angioneurins In recent years, it has become clear that the neural and†¦show more content†¦4.2 Immunophilin Ligands Steiner et al, 1997,(30) found that an immunophilin ligand, GPI-1046, caused regeneration of nerve axons and myelin, and also protected nerve fibres in vitro and in vivo in rat studies, providing evidence that there is potential with regard to immunophilins and neuroprotection. Another paper by Poulter et al, 2004(31) also suggested that immunophilin ligands derived from FK506 are effective in preventing neuronal degeneration in animal studies, however in clinical trials these effects were debatable, which may be rectified by carrying out a trial for a longer period of time. The authors commented that the inconsistent results show that the action of these ligands is not fully understood. TABLE 1. The Role of Angioneurins in Neurodegeneration, adapted from the original table by Zacchigna et al, 2008 (28) Angioneurin Result of Loss of Function Result of Gain of Function Receptor Expression VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) Increased risk of ALS in humans and mice. Motor neurone loss in hypoxic mice Improves memory and learning and provides neuroprotection in models of ALS and PD, in CNS and PNS in jury and in neuropathy and retinal degeneration Receptors expressed by endothelial cells, bone marrow progenitors and various neural cell types. VEGFR1 is more abundant in glial cells and VEGFR2 in neurons NGF (Nerve Growth

The Importance of Reading Essay - 1130 Words

The Importance of Reading â€Å"Why do you read all the time?† A frequently asked question of my past and I still find it repeated even now as I have entered a higher class of the educated. Whenever posed with this blatant criticism of my preferred free time activity, I simply answer with â€Å"Why don’t you read all the time?† Of course I might sound like the biggest geek that ever walked the face of the earth, but the fact of the matter is that no matter what negative stereotype is attached to those who read, it has never stopped me from continuing to pursue my joy of literature. I am a firm believer in the power of a book and that the fact that the more well read you are the better chance you have of relating to entirely different groups of†¦show more content†¦Jane Austen is the main reason why I love to read and through her books I entered such a wonderful, long-dead, society of chivalry and protocol, where the characters feel so real and you only wish you could be Elizabet h Bennet falling for Mr. Darcy and becoming mistress of Pemberly. Not only is my love for British literature born from Shakespeare, but also from my love for history. I have been enamored with the past for as long as I can remember. History has shaped every aspect of our society today and is something to be reverenced and remembered. When I was nine years old my family moved from South Africa to the former Soviet Union, more specifically to a little country called Latvia. This might have been the best move to better ignite my passion for history as the country is ancient and so is its culture. I visited every ruin and castle I could in the four-year span I was there. And as a result my writing blossomed as my imagination and knowledge of the ancients expanded with the combination of my extensive reading. I remember when I was in fourth grade we had to write a short children’s book. At first the idea scared me and I had what I call baby writers block. I could not think of a good topic to write it on and for the first time in my young life I was at a loss for words and ideas. After communicating this to my teacher she simply gave me a look of â€Å" Well, what do you want me to do about it?† and went about herShow MoreRelatedReading And Reading : The Importance Of Reading931 Words   |  4 Pagesthinking about all the things I could be doing besides reading. I understand the importance of reading, it helps me gain knowledge about the world, it opens my eyes to different perspectives, it improves my grades at school, it can be a topic of a conversation...the list goes on. I cannot find an adequate reason for not spending the time to do reading outside of the classroom, but for some reason, I have not been able to sit down and finish reading a book. I have tried to do so, but the unfinished booksRead MoreReading And Reading : The Importance Of Reading903 Words   |  4 Pages Growing up with my parents, I found reading to be very fun but for religious purposes and newspaper about the incidents taking place in certain countries. Through my parents, reading started to seem like it can be beneficial if we want to know what is going on in the world and the rules and regulations of one’s religion. Although I was required to read many books for school, my parents reading habits made me feel as if I should copy them. My mom and dad would always read books or newspapers at aRead MoreImportance Of Reading1188 Words   |  5 Pages The Importance of Reading Growing up throughout the years it goes from teachers reading books to your class to books getting assigned to you to read independantly. Most of the books assigned would be so boring and pointless to read. Normally when I got assigned a book I would just read through it trying to comprehend some parts of it. I never tried to enjoy it or show an interest in the book. Reading to me was not something I ever enjoyed doing. I did not like reading for pleasure and for classRead MoreThe Importance Of Reading And Reading1045 Words   |  5 PagesReading is an activity we are constantly faced with from the moment we learn to do it basically, just like walking or sitting down. However, people learn to read in order to communicate, to express, and to project things that are hidden inside their own minds and they will not come out easily by just talking. One might need to think, deep enough, and find the words they were looking for. Afterward, it is up to the person to decide what to do with those words, of course, they want the words to beRead MoreReading And Reading : The Importance Of Reading818 Words   |  4 Pages staring down at their laps. Me, on the other hand, would just sit there and stare at a wall, while humming to myself. I never understood why all of my classmates enjoyed reading books. Correction; I actually just did not understand what was wrong with me, and why I did not enjoy reading like all of the other kids did. Reading never sparked my interest due to many reasons, including; being distracted, being laughed at, and the books I was forced to read. I am perhaps the most easily distracted personRead MoreThe Importance Of Reading783 Words   |  4 PagesReading is a developmental process that must be nurtured—grades Pre-K through grade 3. In fact, according to research, by the end of the third grade, if students are still poor readers, he or she will most likely struggle to understand what is taught in later the grades—I can attest to this (Ramos Murphey, 2016). Growing up, reading has always been a challenge for me. Today, I consider myself to be a struggling reader. At times, I find myself saying the following: â€Å"I love words and to write; howeverRead MoreThe Importance Of Reading1193 Words   |  5 PagesI can’t lie, reading isn’t one of my favorite things to do, but reading is a way of life. As I get older i’m finally realizing why it was so important for me to learn how to read,being in high school has definitely been a challenge learning big word and also as you get older you are exposed to more and more bigger words. Reading is something I have not been the greatest in since I was a little kid,I remember being a 6th grader on a 4th grader reading level when we took star reading test. TakingRead MoreReading And Reading : The Importance Of Reading Books1019 Words   |  5 Pagesreached high school. I think my desire faded away because I went from reading books of my choice for enjoyment, to reading books my teachers chose for a letter grade. The same experience happened with my passion for writing as well, I enjoyed telling stories when I was younger but when I got into high school and I had to start writing about the books I didn’t even want to read, the fun in it faded. I never really picked up reading for enjoyment again, however I do still enjoy the stories books haveRead MoreThe Importance Of Reading Essay816 Words   |  4 Pages Reading is not just a fun and great pastime, it is a great way to make your mind explore the great unknown, pus h boundaries and survey what surrounds you. According to Josep Dalmau, MD, PhD, he did a study on life-span cognitive activity, neuropathology burden, and cognitive aging which reading helps your brain activate. With other proven facts that reading does help the brain to stay sharp and can even go as far as to say it can prevent Alzheimer’s its no wonder that I fight for the knowledgeRead MoreThe Importance of Reading and Writing655 Words   |  3 PagesThe Importance of Reading and Writing Reading and writing are both important; you can’t have one without the other. They are skills that are increased constantly due to little things that most times are not noticed. Whether it is from a book to a poem, there will always be a way that it helps out your school performance. Reading and writing in general only helps absorb information, and enhance leisure or school related writing tasks. It has also made life itself so much easier because reading

Middle Class Free Essays

Question: When you consider how far apart the conflict and functionalist views of the social class system is, your eyes must surely be drawn to the evidence each uses to support the divergent assessments. What about that evidence? What would count for evidence? What if anything might settle the disagreement among sociologists about the nature, the desirability, and the composition of our social class system? How can we tell whether there is sufficient upward social mobility in the U. S. We will write a custom essay sample on Middle Class or any similar topic only for you Order Now ? Answer: The evidence is within the middle class. When the middle class wealth and population expands, social mobility is moving upward.The middle class stabilize the economy and maintain balance. It would seem less likely that a conflict between the lower and upper class would create a revolution of a classless America. The conflict theory may seem to have diminished. When a majority of the population feel secure within their class. Upward mobility among the middle class may not be as desirable as in the lower population. As long as you have as much or maybe a few more modern technologies (gadgets) than your parents, many individuals believe their own mobility, compared to their parents, is positive.Even though their overall wealth and freedom is significantly less. A revolution would seems less likely. Of course, the upper class are satisfied with the system as is. The middle class are optimistic about their mobility because they are so grateful to not be in the lower working class, so they think. Even though it’s not likely that they would ever become apart of the most upper class, they stand behind the functionalist theory and support the system because of the possibility.Presently, the middle class is the large majority of the American class system. However, Kornblum research shows that middle class has the highest shrinkage rate and downward mobility. If the middle class population no longer existed, more people would become unhappy with the system. Their position in the lower class would be obvious. The conflictionist would have the evidence they need. The fuctionalist would see that there has been no advancements in the overall population because the rich have all the incentives, there is no more money to be made. How to cite Middle Class, Papers